| Estimated Number of New Liver Cancer Cases and Deaths by Sex, US, 2021 | ||||||
Estimated New Cases |
Estimated Deaths |
|||||
| Liver & intrahepatic bile duct | Both sexes | Male | Female | Both sexes | Male | Female |
| 42,230 | 29,890 | 12,340 | 30,230 | 20,300 | 9,930 | |
| Source: https://www.cancer.org/content/dam/cancer-org/research/cancer-facts-and-statistics/annual-cancer-facts-and-figures/2021/cancer-facts-and-figures-2021.pdf | ||||||
| Incidence and Mortality, Rates per 100,000 Population for Liver Cancers by Race and Ethnicity, US 2014-2018 |
||||||
| Liver & intrahepatic bile duct | All races | Non-Hispanic White | Non-Hispanic Black | Asian/ Pacific Islander | American Indian/ Alaska Native | Hispanic/ Latinx |
| Both genders | 6.6 | 5.8 | 8.6 | 8.8 | 10.6 | 9.3 |
| Male | 9.7 | 8.4 | 13.4 | 13.1 | 14.8 | 13.3 |
| Female | 4.0 | 3.6 | 4.9 | 5.4 | 7.0 | 6.0 |
| Source: Incidence – North American Association of Central Cancer Registries, 2020. Mortality – National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2020. | ||||||
Primary liver cancer can originate in either the hepatocytes or in bile duct cells. Primary malignant liver cancer or hepatocellular carcinoma most commonly occurs in patients with cirrhosis from a viral infection, alcoholism, hemochromatosis, or alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency.
Men are affected more than women, and the prognosis is very poor, with a dismal, average survival rate of about six months after the first symptoms appear. Presenting symptoms include right upper quadrant pain, weight loss and weakness, an enlarged and tender liver and a bruit, or friction rub, over the liver.
Metastasis is generally to the regional lymph nodes, lungs, and peritoneum. Metastases to the liver from primary tumors in other body areas are much more common than primary liver cancer. Secondary metastases often spread from primary tumors in the lungs, breasts, gastrointestinal tract, thyroid, prostate, or from malignant melanoma lesions affecting the skin.
Reference
American Cancer Society: Cancer Facts and Figures 2021. American Cancer Society, 2021.
https://www.cancer.org/content/dam/cancer-org/research/cancer-facts-and-statistics/annual-cancer-facts-and-figures/2021/cancer-facts-and-figures-2021.pdf
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